Description
Composition
Each 10 ml ampoule contains 840 mg (84 mg/ml) of sodium bicarbonate as the active ingredient. The solution also includes injection-grade water as an auxiliary substance.
Usage
This solution is intended exclusively for intravenous use. It is primarily used after cardiac arrest to normalize the body’s pH levels. During cardiac arrest, the body produces an excessive amount of acid, and Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV injection helps to neutralize this increased acid.
Contraindications
Do not use Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV Infusion Solution Ampoule if you have:
- Kidney failure
- Metabolic or respiratory acid-base imbalance (metabolic or respiratory alkalosis)
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Edema
- Congestive heart failure
- A history of kidney stones with potassium deficiency or low serum calcium levels
- Respiratory insufficiency (hypoventilation)
- Chloride deficiency or high serum sodium levels
Special Considerations
Use this solution with caution if you are:
- Pregnant
- Breastfeeding
Storage
The specific storage conditions for this solution are not detailed in the sources. It is advisable to follow the manufacturer’s instructions or consult a healthcare professional for proper storage guidelines.
Administration of Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV Infusion Solution Ampoule
Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4% IV Infusion Solution Ampoule is administered intravenously. The following steps outline its administration:
Preparation
The solution is hypertonic, with a high concentration of sodium. It should be prepared under close medical supervision.
Method of Administration
The solution is administered by slow direct IV injection or continuous infusion. Typically, it is diluted in 5% glucose before administration.
Precautions
Certain substances should not be added to the sodium bicarbonate solution, including penicillins, chloramphenicol, aspirin, atropine, calcium, insulin, and vitamins.
Effects of Administration
The high sodium concentration limits the distribution of the solution to the extracellular fluid (ECF). The hypertonic nature of the solution draws water out of cells until the ECF and intracellular fluid (ICF) tonicities are equal. The increase in ECF volume will be greater than the volume of solution administered.
Alternative Administration Methods
While typically administered intravenously, there are alternative methods for administering Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV Infusion Solution Ampoule in certain situations.
Bolus Intravenous Injection
In emergencies, the solution can be given as a bolus injection, directly into the vein in one go.
Intermittent Intravenous Infusion
The solution can also be administered using an electronically controlled infusion device, slowly infusing the solution into the vein over time.
Dilution
The 8.4% solution is hypertonic and may need to be diluted with 5% glucose if required.
Alternatives to Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV
Alternatives to sodium bicarbonate for counteracting the negative cardiovascular effects of acidaemia include carbicarb, dichloroacetate, and Tris/THAM.
Potential Side Effects
The administration of Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4% IV Infusion Solution Ampoule can have several potential side effects. These may vary depending on individual health conditions and the dosage administered.
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
Intravenous administration can cause fluid and/or solute overloading, resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states, or pulmonary edema.
Venous Irritation and Tissue Necrosis
Hypertonic solutions may cause venous irritation. Extravasation, or leakage of the solution into surrounding tissue, may lead to tissue necrosis.
Sodium Retention
In patients with diminished renal function, administration of sodium-containing solutions may result in sodium retention.
Shock and Loss of Extremity
Accidental intra-arterial administration of the 8.4% preparation may cause shock or lead to the loss of an extremity.
Benefits
Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IVInfusion Solution Ampoule offers several benefits:
Reduction of Acid in Blood and Urine
The primary benefit is the reduction of acid levels in the blood and urine. High acid levels can cause symptoms such as headaches, weakness, tiredness, fast breathing, and abnormal heart rate. Conditions causing high acid levels include diabetes, hepatitis, heart and kidney problems, shock, severe dehydration or diarrhea, Addison’s disease, and malnutrition.
Emergency Treatment of Acute Hyponatremia
Sodium bicarbonate solution is occasionally recommended for emergency treatment of acute hyponatremia, particularly when there is a perceived benefit of alkalosis.
Speeding Up Removal of Certain Substances
It is used to expedite the removal of certain substances from the body in cases of specific types of poisoning.
Cardiac Arrest
The solution is used after cardiac arrest to restore the body’s pH to normal.
Metabolic Acidosis
In cases of metabolic acidosis, sodium bicarbonate is administered over 3 to 4 hours in an amount appropriate to the body base deficit.
Patient Populations Benefiting
Several patient populations can benefit from Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV Infusion Solution Ampoule:
Patients with Metabolic Acidosis
Patients with metabolic acidosis, a condition characterized by excessive acid in body fluids, can benefit from this solution.
Patients with High Acid Levels
Patients with high acid levels in the blood, which can cause various symptoms, can benefit from this solution.
Patients with Certain Types of Poisoning
The solution is used to speed up the removal of certain substances from the body in cases of specific types of poisoning.
Patients with Cardiac Arrest
The solution is used after cardiac arrest to restore the body’s pH to normal.
Patients with Acute Hyponatremia
Sodium bicarbonate solution is occasionally recommended for emergency treatment of acute hyponatremia, particularly when there is a perceived benefit of alkalosis.
Patients with Hyperkalemia
In the context of metabolic acidosis, increasing the pH shifts potassium into cells, thereby improving hyperkalemia.
Table: Key Information on Sodyum Bikarbonat %8.4 IV Infusion Solution Ampoule
Category | Details |
---|---|
Side Effects | Fluid and electrolyte imbalance, venous irritation, tissue necrosis, sodium retention, shock, and loss of extremity |
Dosage | Administered intravenously, typically diluted in 5% glucose, dosage varies based on condition and patient needs |
Benefits | Reduces acid in blood and urine, emergency treatment of acute hyponatremia, speeds up removal of certain substances, used after cardiac arrest, treats metabolic acidosis |
Usage | Intravenous use only, primarily after cardiac arrest to normalize pH levels |
Precautions | Contraindicated in kidney failure, metabolic or respiratory alkalosis, hypertension, edema, congestive heart failure, history of kidney stones with potassium deficiency or low serum calcium levels, respiratory insufficiency, chloride deficiency, or high serum sodium levels |
Special Considerations | Use with caution if pregnant or breastfeeding |
Alternative Administration | Bolus intravenous injection, intermittent intravenous infusion, dilution with 5% glucose |
Alternatives | Carbicarb, dichloroacetate, Tris/THAM |
This comprehensive overview of Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4% IV Infusion Solution Ampoule provides essential information for healthcare professionals and patients, ensuring safe and effective use of the solution.
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